Ariana Afghan Airlines is the flag carrier of Afghanistan and one of the oldest airlines in Asia, having operated continuously since 1955. It is state-owned and has historically served as the primary link between Afghanistan and international destinations, operating routes to destinations in Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. The airline has faced significant operational challenges over the decades, including disruptions caused by the Soviet-Afghan War, civil conflict, and international sanctions. Following the Taliban's return to power in August 2021, the airline's international operations were severely curtailed due to sanctions, frozen assets, and the withdrawal of foreign technical support. Despite these difficulties, Ariana Afghan Airlines has continued to operate limited domestic routes and some international flights, serving as a vital transport link for the Afghan population. The airline has relied on a small and aging fleet, and its long-term operational viability remains uncertain given the ongoing political and economic situation in Afghanistan.